Several factors can increase the risk of developing pelvic organ prolapse. Age is a significant risk factor, as the muscles and tissues supporting the pelvic organs can weaken over time. Parity, or the number of times a woman has given birth, also plays a role, with vaginal deliveries particularly increasing the risk due to the impact and strain on the pelvic floor. Symptoms of POP include a sensation of pressure or fullness in the pelvic area, which can often become more pronounced towards the end of the day or during activities that involve walking or physical impact. Additionally, a pulling or dragging feeling in the pelvic area is common, indicating the downward displacement of pelvic organs.

Pelvic physiotherapy is a cornerstone in the management of pelvic organ prolapse. Guided by the principle that strengthening the pelvic floor muscles can support the pelvic organs and alleviate symptoms, pelvic floor exercises have been shown to not only manage but in some cases, reduce the severity of prolapse. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines recommend a 16-week course of pelvic floor muscle training as the first line of treatment for POP. This non-surgical approach emphasises the importance of early intervention and the potential for physiotherapy to provide significant relief.

Exercise, specifically pelvic floor muscle training, plays a crucial role in both the management and potential reduction of prolapse severity. These exercises, often taught by a specialised physiotherapist, aim to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, providing better support for the pelvic organs. Regular, consistent practice is essential for effectiveness, and many women experience noticeable improvement in their symptoms and quality of life as a result. This non-invasive approach is an empowering first step for those diagnosed with POP.

Early intervention is key in managing pelvic organ prolapse effectively. Recognising symptoms early and seeking professional advice can lead to a more successful management of the condition. Lifestyle adjustments also play a significant role in both prevention and management of POP. Weight management, for example, can alleviate excess pressure on the pelvic floor, while avoiding heavy lifting can prevent further strain. Additionally, for women experiencing menopause or postnatal changes, topical oestrogen may be recommended to help hydrate and strengthen pelvic tissues, further supporting prolapse management.